SOIL AS A RESOURCE
what is soil?
Soil is the most important renewable natural resource. It is the main medium of plant growth and different types of living organisms on the earth. Chemical and organic changes which take place in the soils are equally important. Soil also consist of organic and inorganic materials.
What are the factors which are responsible for soil formation?
There are some factors such as colour, thickness, texture, age, Chemical and physical properties etc.
What are the types of soil ?
1) Alluvial soils.
2) Black soil.
3) Red and Yellow soils.
4) Laterite soil.
5) Arid soil.
Explanation of the type of soil one by one:
ALLUVIAL SOIL.
This is the most widely spread soil. The entire northern plains are made of alluvial soil. The soil has been deposited by three important Himalayas river system the Indus, the ganga and the Brahmaputra. This soil consist of various proportion of sand, silt and clay. Alluvial soils as a whole are very fertile. These soils contain potash, phosphoric acid and lime.which are ideal for the growth of sugarcane,paddy,whear and pulse ccros.
BLACK SOIL.
These soils are black in colour and it is known as regur soil. This soil is ideal for growing cotton and it also known as black cotton soil. Soil counts on climatic condition. They cover the plateueaus of Maharashtra, saurashtra, malwa and chhattisgarh.They are well known for their capacity to hold moisture. They are rich in nutrients such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime. And generally poor in phosphoric content.
RED AND YELLOW SOILS.
Red soil develops on igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall in the eastern and southern parts of the Deccan plateau. These soils also found in odisha, chhattisgarh and western ghats.
LATERITE SOIL.
The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria. These soils are mainly found in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Assam. This soil suitable for crops like cashew nut.
ARID SOILS.
Arid soil range from red to brown in colour. They are generally Sandy in texture and saline in nature. Due to the dry climate the soil lacks humus and moisture.
SOIL EROSION.
The processes of soil formation and erosion, go on generally there is balance between the two but sometimes this balance is disturbed due to human activities such as deforestation, over grazing, construction and mining etc.
SOIL CONSERVATION.
Large field can be divided into strips. Strips of grass are left grow up the force of the wind. This method known as strip cropping. Ploughing along the contour lines can decelerate the flow of water down the slopes. This is called contour ploughing.
what is soil?
Soil is the most important renewable natural resource. It is the main medium of plant growth and different types of living organisms on the earth. Chemical and organic changes which take place in the soils are equally important. Soil also consist of organic and inorganic materials.
What are the factors which are responsible for soil formation?
There are some factors such as colour, thickness, texture, age, Chemical and physical properties etc.
What are the types of soil ?
1) Alluvial soils.
2) Black soil.
3) Red and Yellow soils.
4) Laterite soil.
5) Arid soil.
ALLUVIAL SOIL.
This is the most widely spread soil. The entire northern plains are made of alluvial soil. The soil has been deposited by three important Himalayas river system the Indus, the ganga and the Brahmaputra. This soil consist of various proportion of sand, silt and clay. Alluvial soils as a whole are very fertile. These soils contain potash, phosphoric acid and lime.which are ideal for the growth of sugarcane,paddy,whear and pulse ccros.
BLACK SOIL.
These soils are black in colour and it is known as regur soil. This soil is ideal for growing cotton and it also known as black cotton soil. Soil counts on climatic condition. They cover the plateueaus of Maharashtra, saurashtra, malwa and chhattisgarh.They are well known for their capacity to hold moisture. They are rich in nutrients such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime. And generally poor in phosphoric content.
RED AND YELLOW SOILS.
Red soil develops on igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall in the eastern and southern parts of the Deccan plateau. These soils also found in odisha, chhattisgarh and western ghats.
LATERITE SOIL.
The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria. These soils are mainly found in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Assam. This soil suitable for crops like cashew nut.
ARID SOILS.
Arid soil range from red to brown in colour. They are generally Sandy in texture and saline in nature. Due to the dry climate the soil lacks humus and moisture.
SOIL EROSION.
The processes of soil formation and erosion, go on generally there is balance between the two but sometimes this balance is disturbed due to human activities such as deforestation, over grazing, construction and mining etc.
SOIL CONSERVATION.
Large field can be divided into strips. Strips of grass are left grow up the force of the wind. This method known as strip cropping. Ploughing along the contour lines can decelerate the flow of water down the slopes. This is called contour ploughing.
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