NATIONALISM IN EUROPE
● Mid eighteenth century Europe was not a nation state.
● Divided into kingdoms:
• Germany
• Italy
• Switzerland
● Eastern and Central Europe (under autocratic monarchies)
● Different languages and ethnic groups.
■ THREE CLASSES
☆ ARISTOCRACY
High class people but Small in population. The Spoke french language and owned businesses.
☆ MIDDLECLASS
They known as commercial classes also. They were educated.
☆ PEASANTS
Large in population and they worked as tenants and small owners.
COMMERCIAL CLASS Wanted freedom and nation should have as liberal. That ideas of national unity following the abolition of aristocracy privileges gained popularity.
▪︎NEPOLENIC CODE Went back to limited suffrage and reduced women to the status of a minor subject to the authority of father and husband.
No restrictions on the movement of goods and capital by government.
The creation of a network of railways, mobility and economic interest to national unification.
WATERLOO WAR
Between European powers and Napoleon. And he was defeated by them.
CONSERVATISM BELIEVED
Traditional institutions of state and society like:
• The family
• The monarchy
• The church
• Property
• Social hierarchies.
CHANGES
• A modern army, efficient bureaucracy, a dynamic economy.
• The abolition of feudalism and serfdom.
CREATE A NEW CONSERVATIVE ORDER IN EUROPE
• Censorship laws: Newspapers, plays, books, songs etc..
THE REVOLUTIONARIES
Liberal nationalist
• Secret societies were established by them and spread their ideas.
• Giuseppe mazzini he was revolutionary and member of secret society ( young Italy in marseilles and young Europe jn berne).
This unification alone could be the basis of Italian liberty.
Conservatives they were frightened.
At last they got liberalism.
● Mid eighteenth century Europe was not a nation state.
● Divided into kingdoms:
• Germany
• Italy
• Switzerland
● Eastern and Central Europe (under autocratic monarchies)
● Different languages and ethnic groups.
■ THREE CLASSES
☆ ARISTOCRACY
High class people but Small in population. The Spoke french language and owned businesses.
☆ MIDDLECLASS
They known as commercial classes also. They were educated.
☆ PEASANTS
Large in population and they worked as tenants and small owners.
COMMERCIAL CLASS Wanted freedom and nation should have as liberal. That ideas of national unity following the abolition of aristocracy privileges gained popularity.
▪︎NEPOLENIC CODE Went back to limited suffrage and reduced women to the status of a minor subject to the authority of father and husband.
No restrictions on the movement of goods and capital by government.
The creation of a network of railways, mobility and economic interest to national unification.
WATERLOO WAR
Between European powers and Napoleon. And he was defeated by them.
CONSERVATISM BELIEVED
Traditional institutions of state and society like:
• The family
• The monarchy
• The church
• Property
• Social hierarchies.
CHANGES
• A modern army, efficient bureaucracy, a dynamic economy.
• The abolition of feudalism and serfdom.
CREATE A NEW CONSERVATIVE ORDER IN EUROPE
• Censorship laws: Newspapers, plays, books, songs etc..
THE REVOLUTIONARIES
Liberal nationalist
• Secret societies were established by them and spread their ideas.
• Giuseppe mazzini he was revolutionary and member of secret society ( young Italy in marseilles and young Europe jn berne).
This unification alone could be the basis of Italian liberty.
Conservatives they were frightened.
At last they got liberalism.
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